The United Kingdom has implemented a new points-based immigration system designed to attract highly skilled workers from around the world. This system, which came into effect following Brexit, aligns with the UK’s vision of controlling its borders and prioritising the talent that best serves its economy. Whether you’re looking to work, study, or settle in the UK, understanding the key elements of this points-based process is essential.
What is the Points-Based Immigration System?
The UK’s points-based immigration system evaluates applicants based on a set of criteria, awarding points for specific skills, qualifications, salaries, and other factors. This system is intended to streamline the immigration process and ensure that only those who meet certain thresholds are eligible to live and work in the UK.
The aim is to attract skilled individuals in fields that are in high demand, such as healthcare, technology, engineering, and academia, while simultaneously reducing the reliance on low-skilled workers. As part of this system, all foreign nationals—including EU citizens (except those already living in the UK under the settled status scheme)—must now apply for a visa through the points-based framework.
How Does It Work?
To be eligible for a visa under the points-based system, applicants must accumulate at least 70 points. The system is broken down into several mandatory and non-mandatory categories, each carrying a specific point value.
Mandatory Criteria:
- Job Offer from an Approved Employer (20 points): Applicants must have a job offer from an employer who is licensed to sponsor skilled workers in the UK.
- Skill Level (20 points): The role offered must be at or above RQF level 3 (equivalent to A-level qualifications in the UK).
- English Language Proficiency (10 points): Applicants must demonstrate proficiency in English, typically through recognised testing or having a degree taught in English.
Non-Mandatory Criteria (Additional Points):
- Salary Threshold: Points are awarded based on the salary of the job offer:
- Salary of £25,600 or above: 20 points
- Salary between £23,040 and £25,599: 10 points
- Salary between £20,480 and £23,039: 0 points
- Shortage Occupation: An additional 20 points are awarded if the job is on the shortage occupation list, which includes fields such as healthcare and certain engineering roles.
- PhD or Higher Qualification: Applicants with a PhD relevant to their job can earn 10 points, while a PhD in a STEM subject (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) earns 20 points.
What Types of Visas are Covered?
The points-based system applies to various visa categories, including:
- Skilled Worker Visa: This is the main route for individuals who have a job offer in the UK. It replaces the previous Tier 2 (General) visa and is aimed at professionals in high-demand sectors.
- Global Talent Visa: For highly skilled individuals in fields such as science, humanities, engineering, and the arts, who can demonstrate exceptional talent or promise without a job offer.
- Student Visa: International students wishing to study in the UK are also evaluated under the points-based system. Points are awarded for having an offer from a recognised institution, English language proficiency, and financial stability.
Benefits of the Points-Based System
- Clearer Path for Skilled Workers: The system prioritises skilled professionals, making it easier for them to secure visas and contribute to the UK’s economy.
- Reduced Dependency on Low-Skilled Labour: By focusing on high-skill workers, the system aligns with the government’s desire to move away from reliance on lower-wage labour.
- Equal Treatment for Non-EU and EU Nationals: Since the system applies equally to applicants from around the world, it levels the playing field for non-EU citizens who may have previously faced tougher entry requirements compared to EU nationals.
Challenges and Criticism
While the points-based system brings many benefits, it has also faced criticism. Some argue that the salary thresholds could exclude younger or early-career professionals, despite their high potential. Additionally, industries that rely on lower-wage roles, such as hospitality and agriculture, may face labour shortages under the new system.
Conclusion
The UK’s points-based immigration system marks a significant shift in how the country manages migration. It aims to ensure that the brightest and best talent is welcomed while reducing the influx of low-skilled workers. For those looking to work, study, or settle in the UK, it’s essential to familiarise yourself with the new criteria and determine how best to accumulate the required points for visa approval.
As the system evolves, staying informed about any updates or changes to the points-based process will be crucial for a smooth transition to living and working in the UK.
